Readings
The study of moral development, moral reasoning, and character education is very specific. For those interested in studying and conducting research in this area, a strong grasp of the literature in ethics and psychology is a must. To fully understand and appreciate the different theories requires a grounding in both ethical and psychological theories, research, and application. Below find a series of books written and edited by scholars in both of these fields. No research study should be undertaken without at least this list of general readings.
Bandura, A. (1977). A Social Learning Theory. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Colby, A., Kohlberg, Gibbs, J., Liebermann, M. (1979). A longitudinal study of moral judgment. A Monograph for the Society of Research in Child Development. C Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Crisp, R. (2000). Aristotle: Nicomachean ethics. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
Fox, R.M. (2000). Moral reasoning (2nd ed). Boston, Massachusetts: Wadsworth Publishers
Fox, R.M., & DeMarco, J.P. (1990). Moral Reasoning: A Philosophic Approach to Applied Ethics. Fort Worth: Holt Rinehart, and Winston, Inc.
Frankena, W.K. (1973). Ethics (2nd ed). Englewood Cliffs: Prentice hall.
Gert, B. (1988). Morality: A New Justification of the Moral Rules. New York: Oxford University Press.
Garrod, A. (ed.) (1993). Approaches to Moral Development: New Research and Emerging Themes. New York: teachers College Press.
Gibbs, J.S. (2003). Moral development and reality: Beyond the theories of Kohlberg and Hoffman. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publishers.
Gilligan, C. (1982). In a Different Voice. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
Gilligan, C. (1982). Mapping the moral domain: A contribution of women's thinking to psychological theory and education. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
Haan, N. Coping and Defending. New York: Academic Press, 1977.
Hoffman, M.L. (2000). Empathy and moral development: Implications for caring and justice. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Killen, M., & Smetana, J. (2006). Handbook of Moral Development. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
Kohlberg, L. (1984). Essays on moral development Volume II. The psychology of moral development: The nature and validity of moral stages. San Francisco: Harper & Row.
Kohlberg, L. (1981). The Philosophy of Moral Development: Moral Stages and the Idea of Justice. New York: Harper & Row Pub.
Kohlberg, L. (1989). Lawrence Kohlberg's approach to moral education. New York: Columbi University Press.
Kuhmerker, L. (1991). The Kohlberg Legacy for the Helping Professions. Birmingham: R.E.P. Books.
Kurtines, W.M., & Gewirtz, J.L. (Eds.) (1991). Handbook of Moral Development. Volume 1: Theory. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Pubs.
Kurtines, W.M., & Gewirtz, J.L. (Eds.) (1991). Handbook of Moral Development. Volume 2: Research. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Pubs.
Kurtines, W.M., & Gewirtz, J.L. (Eds.) (1995). Moral Development: An Introduction. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Kurtines, W.M., & Gewirtz, J.L. (Eds.) (1991). Handbook of Moral Development. Volume 3: Application. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Pubs.
Lapsley, D.K. & Narvaez, D. (2004). Moral Development, Self, and Identity. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers.
Lickona, T. (1991). Educating for Character. New York: bantam Books.
Lickona, T. (2004). Character matters: How to help our children develop good judgment, integrity, and other essential virtues. New York: Simon and Schuster.
Noddings, N. (1984). Caring, a feminie approach to ethics and moral education. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.
Noddings, N. (2002). Educating moral people: A caring alternative to character education. New York: Teachers College Press.
Narvaez, D. (2004). Moral developement, self, and identity. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Narvaez, D. (2004). Moral development in the professions: Psychology and applied ethics. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Piper, T.R., Gentile, M.C., & Parks, S.D. (1993). Can Ethics Be Taught?: Perspectives, Challenges, and Approaches at the Harvard Business School. Boston: Harvard Business School.
Power, F.C. (2005). Character psychology and character education. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press.
Power, F.C., Higgins, A., & Kohlberg, L. (1989). Lawrence Kohlberg’s Approach to Moral Education. New York: Columbia University Press.
Rawls, J. (1971). A Theory of Justice. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Reimer, J., Paolitto, D.P., & Hersh, R.H. (1983). Promoting Moral Growth from Piaget to Kohlberg. (2nd ed). Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.
Rest, J. (1986). Moral Development: Advances in Research and Theory. New York: Praeger Pub. Co.
Rest, J. (1973). The Defining Issues Test. Available from author (330 Burton Hall, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455).
Rest, J., & Narvaez, D. (1991). The college experience and moral development. In W. M. Kurtines and J. L. Gewirtz (Eds.), Handbook of Moral Behavior and Development, Vol. II: Research, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Eribaum Association, pp. 230-245.
Wilson, J.Q. (1993). The Moral Sense. New York: The Free Press.
Neuroscience and Morality Readings
Gazzaniga, M.S. (2005). The ethical brain. New York: Dana Press.
Hauser, M.D. (2006). Moral Minds. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.
Tancredi, L.R. (2005). Hardwired behavior: What neuroscience reveals about morality. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Program Theory and Evaluation Readings
Stufflebeam, D.L. (1983). Evaluation models: Viewpoints on education and human services evaluation. Boston: Kluwer-Nijhoff.
Tyler, R.W. (1989). Educational evaluation: Classic works of Ralph W. Tyler. Boston: Kluwer Academic.
Center for ETHICS* Dissertations and Theses
For the past 14 years, The Center for ETHICS* has studied moral reasoning and moral development of competitive populations (sport, business, law, military, air force, navy and so forth) as well as the effect of moral education programs on moral reasoning. The Center has developed, validated, and developed sound reliability on three different cognitive instruments. To date the Center has a data base of over 60,000 individuals with these instruments. The copyrighted instruments are available for a fee through the Center (see main website for information about ordering). To better understand each instrument’s theoretical construct, validity, and reliability see the following dissertations and manuals. (These dissertations and manuals are available through the Center, UMI, and or the University of Idaho Library).
Williams, J.M. (2007). Teaching ethics to athletic training students from CAAHEP accredited athletic training education programs. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Hasey, C. (2006). Facilitating a personal connection to exercise. Unpublished master's thesis. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Cochran, L. (2005). A philosophic and ethical examination of practices in developing leisure program guidelines using the baby boomer cohort. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Rickel, K.F. (2005). Exercise adherence, a philosophical shift promoting a life narrative based curriculum and technology to augment commitment to exercise. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Davis, B. (2003). A pilot study examining referee perceptions of sport spectator influence on game decisions. Unpublished master's thesis. University of Idaho, Mowcow.
Zenner, D. (2003). Creativity Theory as a Framework For Embedding Character Education in Professional Programs. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Herman, C. (2002). Transitional Loss & Athletic Identity: An Ethical Obligation To Assist NCAA Athletes Through The Retirement Process. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Hansen, D. (1999). "Fair Play Everyday" A Sportsmanship Training Program for High School Coaches. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Murphy, J. (1998). A Critical, Philosophical Examination of Moral Reasoning and Moral Education in Current Educational Models And A Proposition For A New, Alternative, Comprehensive Moral Education Model In Elementary Grades 4-6. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Rudd, A. (1998). Sport’s Perceived Ability to Build Character. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Stevenson, M. (1998). Measuring social responsibility: The SSSRQ in competitive populations. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Zheng, Q. (1995). The Effects of 'The Great Cultural Revolution 'On Sport in China. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Reall, M. (1993). The Relationship of Cognitive Moral Development, Moral Reasoning, And Moral Conduct of Business Students in A Competitive Environment. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Beller, J.M. (1990). A Moral Reasoning Intervention Program for Division-I athletes: Can Athletes Learn Not to Cheat? Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Hahm, C.H. (1989). Moral Reasoning and Development Among General Students, Physical Education Majors, and Student Athletes. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. University of Idaho, Moscow.
Readings in Moral Reasoning, Moral Development, and Character Education with Competitive Populations
The in-depth study of moral development, moral reasoning, and character education, in sport and other competitive populations is a relatively recent event (the past 25 years), however, much has been written philosophically about the importance of character development in athletics and sport. Below find a list of research studies and philosophical documents that should be examined when undertaking any study of competitive populations and the purpose of why competition is supported as a means to develop character.
Allison, M.T. (1981). Sportsmanship; Variation based on sex and degree of competitive experience. In A. Dunleavy, a. Miracle, & c. Rees (Eds), Studies in the Sociology of Sport. Fort Worth: Texas Christian University Press, pp. 153-165.
Beller, J.M., & Stoll S.K. (January, 1999). "HIV, Ethics, and the Sport Practitioner". In G. Sankaran, K. Volkheim, & Bonsall, D. HIV/AIDS in Sports: Impact, Issues, and Challenges. Champaign: Human Kinetics Press.
Beller, J.M. (1990). A Moral Reasoning Intervention Program for Division-I Athletes: Can Athletes Learn Not to Cheat? Unpublished doctoral dissertation. The University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.
Beller, J.M., & Stoll, S.K. (1995, November). Moral reasoning of high school student athletes and general students: Empirical study versus personal testimony, Pediatric Exercise Science, 7(4), pp. 352--363.
Beller, J.M., & Stoll, S.K. (1993, August). Sportsmanship: An Antiquated Concept? Journal of Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance, pp. 74-79.
Beller, J.M., & Stoll, S.K. (1992, May). "A Moral Reasoning Intervention Program for Division-I Student Athletes." Athletic Academic Journal, pp. 43-57.
Beller, J.M., Stoll, S.K., & Hahm, C.H. Moral Reasoning and Moral Development Review & HBVCI, Center for ETHICS*, University of Idaho, Moscow, 1992.
Beller, J.M., Stoll, S.K., Burwell, B., & Cole, J. (1996). The relationship of competition and Christian liberal arts education on moral reasoning of college student athletes, Research on Christian Higher Education, Vol 3, pp. 99-- 114.
Beller, J.M., Stoll, S.K., Cole, J., & Burwell, B. (1995, September). The relationship of competition and religious training on moral reasoning of college student athletes, ERIC Database Resources in Education, Ref #ED 382--620.
Boyver, E.L. (1963). Children' concepts of sportsmanship in the fourth, fifth, and sixth grades. Research Quarterly, 34:282-287.
Bredemeier, B.J. (1984). Sport, gender, and moral growth. In J. M. Silva & R.S. Weinberg (Eds.) Psychological Foundations of Sport, Champaign: Human Kinetics Press.
Bredemeier, B.J., & Shields, D.L. (1986). Moral growth among athletes and non-athletes: A comparative analysis, The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 147(1): 7-18.
Coakley, J.J. (1982). Sport in Society: Issues and Controversies, 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby Press.
Gerdy, John. (2001). Sports in Society. New York: University of Columbia Press. (Stoll, S.K., chapter in text - Measurement of Moral Reasoning).
Gough, R.(May, 1993). Writer questions Center for ETHICS* research. NCAA News, p. 4.
Hahm, C.H. (1989). Moral Reasoning and Development Among General Students, Physical Education Majors, and Student Athletes. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.
Hahm, C.H., Beller, J.M., & Stoll, S.K. (1989). The Hahm-Beller Values Choice Inventory. Copyrighted, Available from Center for ETHICS*: Room 500 Memorial Gym, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.
Hall, E. (1981). Moral Development Levels of Athletes in Sport Specific and General Social Situations. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Texas Women's University.
Hansen, D., Stoll, S.K., & Beller, J.M. (May, 1999). Sportsmanship Manuals: What are They and Does Anyone Care? Idaho Association of School Administrators Journal.
Hetherington, C. (1915). School Program in Physical Education. Yonkers on the Hudson, New York: World Book Co.
Kistler, J.W. (1957). Attitude Expressed About Behavior Demonstrated in Certain Specific Situation Occurring in Sport. Annual Proceedings of College Physical Education Association, 60: 55-58.
Krause, J.V. & Priest, R.F. (199?). Sport Value Choices of United States Military Academy Cadets - A Longitudinal Study of the Class of 1993. Unpublished Research of Office of Institutional Research, West Point, NY.
Kroll, W. Psychology of Sportsmanship. (April, 1975). Paper presented at the sport psychology meeting, NASPE, Atlantic City, NJ.
Lakie, W.L. (1964). Expressed Attitudes of Various Groups of Athletes Toward Athletic Competition. Research Quarterly, 35: 497-503.
Lumpkin, A. (1990). Physical Education and Sport: A Contemporary Introduction, (2nd ed). St. Louis: Mosby Press.
Lumpkin, A., Stoll, S.K., & Beller, J.M. (1998). Sport Ethics: Applications for Fair Play (3rd ed). St. Louis: McGraw Hill.
Lumpkin, A., Stoll, S.K., & Beller, J.M. (1994). Sport Ethics: Applications for Fair Play. St. Louis: Mosby Press.
Mandell, A. (1975). Pro Football Fumbles the Drug Scandal. Psychology Today, 9:39-44.
McGinnis, A. (April 7, 1993). Letter to the Editor, NCAA News.
Olgilvie, B. & Tutko, T. (1971). If you Want to Build Character, Try Something Else. Psychology Today, 5:60.
Penny, W.J., & Priest, R.F. (1990). Deontological Sport Values Choices of United States Academy Cadets and Selected Other College-Aged Populations. Unpublished research, Office of Institutional Research, United States Military Academy, West Point, NY.
Potter, G. & Wandzilak, T. (1981). Youth Sports: A Program Evaluation. Journal of Physical Education and Recreation, 52(3): 67-8.
Richardson, D. E. (1982). Ethical Conduct in Sport Situations. Annual Proceedings of National College Physical Education Association, 66:98-104.
Rudd, A. (1998). Sport’s Perceived Ability to Build Character. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. The University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.
Shea, E. (1990). Win at All Costs Attitude Disturbs a P.E. Veteran Southern Illinois University News Release, Athletic Training, 25(2):185.
Shea, E. (1978). Ethical Decisions in Physical Education and Sport. Springfield: Charles C. Thomas.
Shields, D., & Bredemeier, B.J., (1994). Character Development and Physical Activity, Human Kinestics.
Siedentop, D. (1976). Developing Teaching Skills in Physical Education, Boston: Houghton-Mifflin.
Siedentop, D., Mand, & Taggart. (1986). Physical Education: Teaching and Curriculum Strategies for Grades 5 -12. Palo Alto: Mayfield.
Stevenson, C. L. (19795). Socialization Effects of Participation in Sport: A Critical Review of the Research. Research Quarterly, 46: 287-301.
Stevenson, M. (1998). Measuring Social Responsibility: The SSSRQ in Competitive Populations. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. The University of Idaho, Moscow, ID.
Stoll, S.K. & Beller, J.M. (2006). Ethical Issues in Sport. In Rules of the Game: Ethics in College Sport. Ed. R. Lapchick. Greenwood, CT.: Praeger Publishers. Invited chapter for the American Council on Education.
Stoll, S., & Herman, C.
(2003). Winning
in Life – Secondary Education Text.
Moscow, ID: Center
for ETHICS* publications.
Herman, C., & Stoll, S. (2002). Winning in Life. Moscow,ID: Center for ETHICS* publications.
Lumpkin, A., Stoll, S. and Beller, J.
(2002, 4th Edition). Sport Ethics: Applications for Fair Play. St. Louis:
McGraw Hill.
Stoll, S.K. (2002) Eric Heiden. Encyclopedia
of World Sport. Ed. David Levinson.
Stoll, S.K. (Revised 2001). Principled
Thinking. Curriculum Guide. Center for ETHICS* Publications. Revised. This
publications will be used in a five high school study in Cobb County, Georgia,
1999. First book published by Center for ETHICS*. Preliminary results look
excellent, this text will probably be chosen to be distributed to 27,000
students in Kolb County through next five years.
Stoll, S. I. (Revised 2001). Who
Cares? A Primer for Elementary Education Students. Center for ETHICS*. This
publication was a requested volume for the elementary school system in Cobb
County, Georgia.
Stoll, S.K., & Beller, J.M. (2001). Sports in School. In J. Gerdy, Sociology of Sport. Columbia University Press.
Stoll, S.K. (1999). Moral Reasoning:
What is it and How it is Best Accomplished in the Classroom and Gymnasium. Book
Chapter in: Byl, J. and Visker, T. Physical Education, Sports, and Wellness:
Looking to God as We Look at Ourselves. Dordt College Press. Pp. 249-264.
Book Chapter
Stoll S.K. and Beller, J.M. (1999).
HIV, sport, and gamesmanship. In G. Sankaran, K. Volkheim, and Bonsall, D. HIV/AIDS
in sports: Impact, issues, and challenges. Champaign: Human Kinetics Press.
(Book Chapter). Chapter 8, pp. 83-94.
Stoll, S. (July 1999.) Mirabel Vinson,
Encyclopedia of World Sport: From Ancient Times to the Present by
David Levinson (Editor), Karen Christensen (Editor); Oxford University Press.
Book Chapter
Stoll, S. (July 1999.) Beatrice
Loughran, Encyclopedia of World Sport: From Ancient Times to the Present
by David Levinson (Editor), Karen Christensen (Editor); Oxford University
Press. Book Chapter
Stoll, S. (July 1999.) Irving Jaffee,
Encyclopedia of World Sport: From Ancient Times to the Present by
David Levinson (Editor), Karen Christensen (Editor); Oxford University
Press.Book Chapter
Lumpkin, A., Stoll, S. and Beller, J.
(1999) Sport Ethics: Applications for Fair Play. St. Louis: McGraw Hill.
Stoll, S. I. (1999). Who Cares? A Primer for Elementary Education Students. Center for ETHICS*. This publication was a requested volume for the elementary school system in Cobb County, Georgia.
Stoll, S.K. (1998). Principled
Thinking. Curriculum guide. Center for ETHICS* Publications. This
publication will be used in a five high school study in Cobb County, Georgia,
1998. First book published by Center for ETHICS*. Preliminary results look
excellent, this text will probably be chosen to be distributed to 27,000
students in Kolb County through next five years.
Stoll, S.K. (1998) Who Says This Is Cheating. Second Edition. Center for ETHICS* Publications. Republished, reprinted, and edited through Center for ETHICS.
Stoll, S.K. and Beller, J.M. (1998). SBH
Maieutic Standard: Curriculum Guide. Center for ETHICS* Publications.
Stoll, S.K., & Beller, J.M. (January, 1998). Can Character be Measured? Invited feature article to Journal of Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance, 69(1), 19-24.
Stoll, S.K., & Beller, J.M. (1998) SBH Ethical Standard: A Methodology and Curriculum Text (2nd Ed). Center for ETHICS*.
Stoll, S. “Ethics” (1997) Book Chapter. International Sport Encyclopedia, In Press. (4000 word invited article Greenwood Press.)
Stoll, S.K., & Beller, J.M. (1995). Methodology and Its Effect on Cognitive Moral Reasoning, ERIC Database Resources in Education, Ref# 382 619.
Stoll, S. K., & Beller, J.M. (March, 1993). The Effect of a Longitudinal Teaching Methodology and Classroom Environment on Both Cognitive and Behavioral Moral Development. Research Quarterly, Abstracts.
Stoll, S.K., & Beller J.M. (March, 1994). The Importance of Methodology in Cognitive Moral Reasoning. Research Quarterly, Abstracts: A97-98.
Stoll, S.K., & Beller, J.M. (1994) "The Effect of a Longitudinal Teaching Methodology and Teaching Environment on Both Cognitive and Behavioral Moral Development," ERIC Database.
Stoll, S.K., Beller, J.M., & Durrant, S. (1994, January). Compliance -- Impossible Task? invited article to The National Review of Athletics, pp. 16-27.
Stoll, S.K., Beller, J.M., & Durrant, S. (1993, July). A Bill of Rights for Athletes: Novel Idea or Blasphemy? For the Record, The National Sports Law Institute.
Stoll, S.K. Who Says It's Cheating. (1993). Kendall Hunt. (Available now through the Center for ETHICS*).
Stoll, S.K., Beller, J.M., Cole, J., & Burwell, B. (1995). A Comparison of Moral Reasoning Scores of Student Athletes in Division-I and Division-III NCAA Members of Collegiate Institutions, ERIC Database Resources in Education, Ref#382 681.
Thomas, C.E. (1983). Sport in a Philosophic Context. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.
Vannier, M. & Fait, H. (1957). Teaching Physical Education in Secondary Schools. Philadelphia: Saunders.
Williams, J.F. (1959). The Principles of Physical Education. (7 ed., Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co.
Williams, J.F. & Hughes, W.L. (1930). Athletics in Education. Philadelphia: W. b. Saunders Co.
Wood, T.D. & Cassidy, R.F. (1927). The New Physical Education. New York: The MacMillan Co.
Heschel, A.J. (1996). Moral Grandeur and Spiritual Audacity. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Colby, A., Ehrlich, T., Beaumont, E., & Stephens, J. (2003). Educating Citizens. San Francisco, California: Jossey-Bass A Wiley Imprint.
Fink, P.F. (1973). Moral Philosophy: An Introduction. Encino, California: Dickenson Publishing Company, Inc.
Gill, J.H. (1993). Learning to Learn: Toward a Philosophy of Education. New Jersey: Humanities Press International, Inc.
Lewis, H. (1990). A Question of Values. New York: Harper & Row Publishers, Inc.
MacIntyre, A. (1984). After Virtue. Notre Dame, Indiana: University Notre Dame Press.
Midgley, M. Can't We Make Moral Judgements? New York: St. Martin's Griffin.
Midgley, M. (1984). Wickedness: A Philosophical Essay. New York: Routledge.
Morris, T. (1997). If Aristotle Ran General Motors. New York: Henry Holt & Company.
Sommers, C. & Sommers, F. (1993). Vice & Virtue in Everyday Life. Orlando, Florida: Harcourt Brace & Company.
Philosophy in Sport/Sport Ethics
American College of Sports Medicine. (1990). Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews: Volume 18. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins
Bailey, W.S. & Littleton, T.D. (1991). Athletics and Academe. New York: Maxwell MacMillan International.
Bergmann, S.D. (2003). Why Sport? Canada: Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc.
Best, D. (1978). Philosophy and Human Movement. London: George Allen & Unwin (Publishers) Ltd.
Bowen, W.G. & Levin, S.A. (2003). Reclaiming the Game. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Boxill, J. (2003). Sports Ethics: An Anthology. Malden, MA. Blackwell Publishing.
DeSensi, J.T. & Rosenberg, D. (2003). Ethics and Morality in Sport Management. Morgantown, West Virginia. Fitness Information Technology, Inc.
Feezell, R. (2004). Sport, Play & Ethical Reflection. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press.
Festle, M.J. (1996). Playing Nice. New York Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press.
French, P.A. (2004). Ethics and College Sports. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
Gavora, J. (2002). Tilting the Playing Field. San Francisco, California: Encounter Books.
Gibson, J.H. (1993). Performance versus Results. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.
Lapchick, R. E. (2006). New Game Plan for College Sport. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
Lapchick, R. E & Slaughter, J.B. (1989). The Rules of the Game: Ethics in College Sport. New York: MacMillan Publishing Company.
Loland, S. (2002). Fair Play in Sport. New York: Routledge.
McNamee, M.J. & Parry, S.J. (1998). Ethics & Sport. London: Routledge.
Morgan, W.J. (2007). Ethics in Sport. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics.
Piper, T.R. & Gentile, M.C. & Parks, S.D. (1993). Can Ethics Be Taught? Boston, Massachusetts: Harvard Business School.
Simon, R.L. (2004). Fair Play. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.
Ungerleider, S. (2001). Faust's Gold. New York: St. Martin's Press.
Watterson, J.S. (2000). College Football. Baltimore, Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Wilson, W. & Derse, E. (2001). Doping in Elite Sport. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc.
Wooden, J. (2004). My Personal Best. New York: McGraw-Hill
Wooden, J. (2004). They Call Me Coach. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Wooden, J. (2005). Wooden on Leadership. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Sociology and History of Sport
Brackenridge, C.H. (2001). Spoilsports. New York: Routledge.
Coakley, J.J. (1994). Sport in Society: Issues and Controversies. Missouri: Mosby-Year Book, Inc.
Dudley, W. Book Editor. (1994). Sports in America: Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego, California: Greenhaven Press, Inc.
Eitzen, S.D. (2003). Sociology of North American Sport. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Eitzen, S.D. (1993). Sport in Contemporary Society: An Anthology. New York: St. Martin's Press, Inc.
Gorn, E.J. & Goldstein, W. (2004) A Brief History of American Sports. New York: Farrar Straus and Giroux.
Guttmann, A. (1988). A Whole New Ballgame: An Interpretation of American Sports. North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press.
Guttmann, A. (2004). From Ritual to Record: The Nature of Modern Sports. New York: Columbia University Press.
Prettyman, S.S. & Lampman, B. Book Editors. (2006). Learning Culture Through Sports: Exploring the Role of Sport in Society. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
Smith, R.A. (1988). Sports & Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press.
Greenleaf, R.K. (1977). Servant Leadership. New Jersey: Paulist Press.